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Research Article
Contours of Nepal-China Relations: A People-Centered Perspective
Sudip Adhikari*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
1-12
Received:
9 January 2025
Accepted:
23 January 2025
Published:
21 February 2025
Abstract: China's rise has sparked intense debate around the world, particularly over its growing influence in neighboring countries such as Nepal. As a Himalayan country interspersed between two major powers, Nepal's relationship with China is strategic and multifaceted. While existing literature focuses primarily on China's increased aid and investment in Nepal, more research is needed to determine how China's presence affects Nepali citizens' daily lives. This study takes an ontological approach, viewing the reality of Nepal-China relations as a dynamic and evolving process influenced by historical, geographical, cultural, economic, linguistic variables. The research is epistemologically based on constructivism, with an emphasis on Nepali people's subjective experiences and perceptions of Chinese influences. The axiological perspective acknowledges the value-laden nature of this inquiry, as well as the potential biases and ethical considerations that come with studying cross-cultural interactions. The study's goal is to investigate the impact of Chinese food, language, economy, and culture in Nepal, providing a comprehensive understanding of what China means to Nepal today. This study not only adds to the academic discourse on Nepal-China relations, but it also sheds light on the broader implications of China's rise for smaller countries in the region. Methodologically, this study takes a qualitative data collection techniques to provide a thorough analysis.
Abstract: China's rise has sparked intense debate around the world, particularly over its growing influence in neighboring countries such as Nepal. As a Himalayan country interspersed between two major powers, Nepal's relationship with China is strategic and multifaceted. While existing literature focuses primarily on China's increased aid and investment in ...
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Research Article
The Crisis of the Administrative Judge in Cameroon and Congo
Nkili Mbida Eugène Pascal Parfait*,
Ngouloumba Léger Gaël
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
13-28
Received:
13 January 2025
Accepted:
7 February 2025
Published:
11 March 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ipa.20250901.12
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Abstract: The diversified inflation of litigation in contemporary society has led to a shift from the State as master of justice to the State as litigant. This justiciability of the cold monster is more perceptible before the administrative judge. The Cameroonian and Congolese litigation arenas offer us the opportunity to appreciate (perhaps to varying degrees) the setting in motion of the diptych equality-legality, which is the primary element in the office of this Judge. However, it happens to be in crisis. A crisis whose characteristics are based on its legitimacy and identity. To resolve this crisis, the Cameroonian and Congolese administrative judges must play an active role in legitimizing himself by discovering his true identity, in order to fully play his role in building and consolidating the rule of law. He must therefore combine the figures of Saint Louis and Solomon to deliver "Justice".
Abstract: The diversified inflation of litigation in contemporary society has led to a shift from the State as master of justice to the State as litigant. This justiciability of the cold monster is more perceptible before the administrative judge. The Cameroonian and Congolese litigation arenas offer us the opportunity to appreciate (perhaps to varying degre...
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Research Article
Marriage Ceremonies Practiced Through Hawwadii and Kadhaa among Guji Oromo
Getu Gonfa Ararso*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
29-37
Received:
26 December 2024
Accepted:
16 January 2025
Published:
10 April 2025
Abstract: This research explores the marriage ceremonies of the Oromo, the largest ethnic group in the Horn of Africa, who have inhabited northeastern Africa since ancient times. Their current spatial distribution has been shaped by various environmental, socio-economic, and political factors. The Oromo people possess a distinct culture, with unique customs, morals, religion, language, philosophy, administrative systems, and civilization. This study employs qualitative research methods, including interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and the analysis of primary and secondary sources. An ethnographic approach was utilized, involving participation in the visual and auditory aspects of marriage processes. The main focus is on the Hawwadii and Kadhaa ceremonies, aiming to analyze their impact and educate the global community about the Guji Oromo’s rich cultural heritage.
Abstract: This research explores the marriage ceremonies of the Oromo, the largest ethnic group in the Horn of Africa, who have inhabited northeastern Africa since ancient times. Their current spatial distribution has been shaped by various environmental, socio-economic, and political factors. The Oromo people possess a distinct culture, with unique customs,...
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Research Article
The Challenges and Dynamics of Traditional Leaders (Makaabon) Crime Prevention - The Case of Asaita Woreda
Kedir Ali Alo*,
Efa Tadesse Debele
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
38-45
Received:
9 March 2025
Accepted:
28 March 2025
Published:
22 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ipa.20250901.14
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Abstract: This study explores the challenges and dynamics faced by traditional leaders (Makaabon) in crime prevention within Asaita Woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia. The Makaabon, custodians of the Mada’a system, have historically played a central role in maintaining social order, resolving conflicts, and enforcing communal norms. However, their authority and effectiveness are increasingly undermined by socio-economic changes, including urbanization, modernization, and the encroachment of formal legal systems. Rising crime rates, resource scarcity, and inter-communal tensions further complicate their role. Using a qualitative research approach, this study examines the evolving role of Makaabon, the integration of traditional and modern governance systems, and the adaptive strategies employed to address contemporary challenges. Key findings reveal that while the Mada’a system remains resilient, Makaabon face significant impediments such as diminishing authority, lack of resources, and generational shifts in values. The introduction of "weelo" (time condition) exemplifies the system’s adaptability, allowing for the incorporation of modern tools and practices. The study highlights the importance of collaboration between traditional leaders, religious authorities, and formal institutions to enhance crime prevention efforts. Recommendations include capacity-building for Makaabon, formal recognition of the Mada’a system, community awareness campaigns, and economic development initiatives. By addressing these challenges and fostering integration between traditional and modern governance, the Mada’a system can continue to serve as a vital mechanism for social cohesion and crime prevention in the Afar region.
Abstract: This study explores the challenges and dynamics faced by traditional leaders (Makaabon) in crime prevention within Asaita Woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia. The Makaabon, custodians of the Mada’a system, have historically played a central role in maintaining social order, resolving conflicts, and enforcing communal norms. However, their authority and e...
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