-
Review on the Role of Flexibility in Iranian’s Traditional Housing, Case Study: H. H. Ghafouri`s (Ghazviniha) Building
Mehri Eshaghi
,
Gholamreza Bahreini
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 138-142
Received: 17 December 2015
Accepted: 19 December 2015
Published: 23 February 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.36
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In Iranian traditional architecture, flexibility as a general concept has always been with the major concerns to from the spatiotemporal aspects of the design. Considering limitations and availability of resources, this area still suffers from lack of brilliant and excellent research to link these positive aspect of traditional systems with those demands and dynamic nature of the modern architectures. Flexibility in general is highly dependent on a variety of factors including socioeconomic and cultural aspect of the society and single families which result in a continuous challenge in its adaptability with the design systems for a long time. In this paper, a review on flexible design of traditional housing is made followed by a descriptive study on one of the famous Iranian traditional houses as a case study, with a focus on the potentials and of such as system to be use in modern societies. Results show the capability of traditional flexibility patterns to be adapted with dynamic requirements of new architectural designs.
Abstract: In Iranian traditional architecture, flexibility as a general concept has always been with the major concerns to from the spatiotemporal aspects of the design. Considering limitations and availability of resources, this area still suffers from lack of brilliant and excellent research to link these positive aspect of traditional systems with those d...
Show More
-
Typology of School-Mosque in Ilkhani, Timurid, Safavid and Qajar Eras
Ladan Asadi
,
Hamid Majidi
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 143-149
Received: 17 December 2015
Accepted: 19 December 2015
Published: 23 February 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.37
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Mosques were the first place used for education in the first centuries of Islam. Although in later periods, independent schools were created, due to religious instructions performed in schools, mosques and schools rejoined in different ways, and the school - mosque appears in Islamic architecture. However, little attention has been paid to this type of architecture. This study aims to investigate the emergence of religious educational centers in different historical periods, i. e. Mosque-Schools. The main objective of the study is to analyze the typology of these mosque-schools. Using descriptive-analytical research method, as well as literature review and field studies, this article aims to investigate the innovations and changes made in the general plan of mosque-schools in Ilkhani, Timurid, Safavid and Qajar Eras. To achieve this, one school has been selected in each era. At the end, regarding the theoretical framework of the study, the general features of these mosque-schools within different eras have been presented and discussed.
Abstract: Mosques were the first place used for education in the first centuries of Islam. Although in later periods, independent schools were created, due to religious instructions performed in schools, mosques and schools rejoined in different ways, and the school - mosque appears in Islamic architecture. However, little attention has been paid to this typ...
Show More
-
Response of Environment According to the Sustainable Urban Design Principles (Case Study: Garden of Imam Reza (AS) in Koohsangi Avenue, Mashhad, Iran)
Rokhsaneh Derakhshesh Nia
,
Maryam Hazzar
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 150-156
Received: 4 January 2016
Accepted: 5 January 2016
Published: 23 February 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.38
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In recent decades, the negative effects of the global movement of modernism in Iran and uncoordinated urban development has led to the city and other urban spaces that do not belong the people. Sense of alienation and un-belonging to such areas are strengthening day by day and irregular construction in the city has resulted in loss of urban green spaces. Urban green spaces used by people in Iran has showed that the majority of cities in terms of quantity and quality in the provision of these spaces are not at the right level. This means that in most cases the spaces are not according to the needs and interests of users. This leads to a lack of coordination between the individual and the environment and which have not assigned the correct and appropriate characteristics. Regarding the issue of urban green space, once more people appear to know the city uses it is more directly related to urban sustainability and values, as well as the quality of urban spaces in such a way that there is a close relationship between quality and sustainability concepts. The purpose of this paper is to define and articulate its relationship with the utility space sustainable spaces have tried to evaluate the effect of the garden of Imam Reza (AS) of respondents to its surroundings and citizens of Koohsangi Avenue.
Abstract: In recent decades, the negative effects of the global movement of modernism in Iran and uncoordinated urban development has led to the city and other urban spaces that do not belong the people. Sense of alienation and un-belonging to such areas are strengthening day by day and irregular construction in the city has resulted in loss of urban green s...
Show More
-
Characteristics of the Morphological Identity of Ancient Buildings from the Perspective of Christopher Alexander; Case Study of Boushehr Old Tissue
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 132-137
Received: 4 November 2015
Accepted: 5 November 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.35
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Similarities between cities and buildings in past times is far more than similarities among buildings that are built today. Christopher Alexander believes that the common part, is the morphological identity and have its own characteristics. In this article the correspondence between morphological identity of Bushehr architecture and Alexander’s theory has been studied. The purpose is recognition of Bushehr architecture and its manifestations. In this regard content analysis, spatial Analysis and visual analysis have been used. The research indicates that the Characteristics of morphological identity in ancient buildings, mentioned by Alexander, is seen in Bushehr architecture.
Abstract: Similarities between cities and buildings in past times is far more than similarities among buildings that are built today. Christopher Alexander believes that the common part, is the morphological identity and have its own characteristics. In this article the correspondence between morphological identity of Bushehr architecture and Alexander’s the...
Show More
-
Introducing Banu Sahra Bridge, a First and Valuable Pace to Restore It
Maral Fayazi
,
Dariush Heydari Bani
,
Hamed Iman Talab
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 122-131
Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 14 October 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.34
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Located in Chendar District, Savojbolagh county of Alborz Province in Iran, Banu Sahra bridge (Longitude: 50º,49',17"- Latitude: 35º,56',43"- Altitude, 1430m from the sea level) is built on Kordan River near Banu Sahra Village. There are three historical bridges in Savojbolagh. Banu Sahra Bridge is the only bridge in this county which has two main spans and one minor span (which is remained). This construction which is built in the East-west direction is 5.5 m wide and its current height is 6.60 meters. Due to complete destruction of the bridge deck and its current status, probable length of this historical construction might be 33 meters. Main part of the bridge is constructed by bricks, rubbles, and cobblestones as well as breakwater (north south direction). Brick structure in addition to combination of cobblestone and rubble in foundation along with the break water (northern-southern) which have curves in both sides consist the main groundwork of the bridge. The type of the arch which is used in this construction is blunt Pang-O-Haft and load bearer. According to studies conducted in the last year, in order to become familiar with the structure and architecture of this historical monument, this article is part of the analysis and conclusions in this regard which will be presented. However, most of the provided information is based on the documentations of the bridge's recent year conditions.
Abstract: Located in Chendar District, Savojbolagh county of Alborz Province in Iran, Banu Sahra bridge (Longitude: 50º,49',17"- Latitude: 35º,56',43"- Altitude, 1430m from the sea level) is built on Kordan River near Banu Sahra Village. There are three historical bridges in Savojbolagh. Banu Sahra Bridge is the only bridge in this county which has two main ...
Show More
-
The Visual Form of Interaction from the Perspective of Aesthetics
Mohammad Bahramzadeh
,
Maryam Ghorbani
,
Sadaf Sabokrou
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 116-121
Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 14 October 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.33
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Addressing the issue of beautification of our city ensures comfort and security of citizens which can increase the efficiency of communal spaces. Aesthetics can be classified to sensory, form and symbolic aesthetics. Form is the sensible, characteristic and understandable identity of a phenomenon and is the effective factor in creating space. This study is an analytical and descriptive approach using existing resources in library studies and tries to study the visual forms of interaction from the aesthetics perspective by enumerating some of the principles and concepts and case studies.
Abstract: Addressing the issue of beautification of our city ensures comfort and security of citizens which can increase the efficiency of communal spaces. Aesthetics can be classified to sensory, form and symbolic aesthetics. Form is the sensible, characteristic and understandable identity of a phenomenon and is the effective factor in creating space. This ...
Show More
-
Studying Legibility Perception and Pedestrian Place in Urban Identification
Golnaz Tavassolian
,
Mostafa Nazari
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 112-115
Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 14 October 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.32
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Legibility and its effect on users of urban space have been noteworthy for many theorists in urbanization area. In a way that from their view, behavior patterns of pedestrians are severely affected by legibility perception of the body and their environment activity. The current research is to study legibility perception and pedestrian place in urban identification. In this research, there is an attempt to study collected data, based on the data collected from library search and related literature, through descriptive - analytic method is presented. This article analyzes legibility in urban space based on pedestrian view, introduces criteria for legible city, and present indices for designing streets to be used in urban space.
Abstract: Legibility and its effect on users of urban space have been noteworthy for many theorists in urbanization area. In a way that from their view, behavior patterns of pedestrians are severely affected by legibility perception of the body and their environment activity. The current research is to study legibility perception and pedestrian place in urba...
Show More
-
Effects of Mystical Literature on Islamic Architecture of Iran in Ilkhanid and Timurid Era
Hamed Zohrehvand
,
Manouchehr Foroutan
,
Mohammadmehdi Goodarzisoroush
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 107-111
Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 14 October 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.31
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Literature of every country includes a wide part of realities and social problems which are demonstrated in various forms. On one hand the correlation that exists between literature and the other hand arts led to influence of literature on other arts. Sufism can be regarded a valuable factor in Iranian society during Ilkhanid and Timurid which influenced on literature of that period and affected other arts such as architecture through various factors. Concepts, thoughts and influencing values should be identified and effectiveness should be reviewed in order to have a complete understanding of properties of Islamic architecture of Iran. The objective of this research is to review the effect of mythical literature as a factor for penetrating mystical values into architecture. In this research, at first properties of mystical literature were expressed by means of explanatory-historical method and by reviewing historical resources related to Mongolian era. Furthermore, effects of mystical literature in Islamic architecture of the era on approaches of training architects, architecture inscriptions and spread of fundamental concepts were demonstrated and discussed.
Abstract: Literature of every country includes a wide part of realities and social problems which are demonstrated in various forms. On one hand the correlation that exists between literature and the other hand arts led to influence of literature on other arts. Sufism can be regarded a valuable factor in Iranian society during Ilkhanid and Timurid which infl...
Show More
-
Constant Esthetic in Erode Textures of Holy Shrine Surrounding
Rokhsaneh Derakhshesh Nia
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 103-106
Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 14 October 2015
Published: 30 November 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.30
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The erode textures of modern cities subject has made the different areas decision-makers and civic managers to rebuild them erode textures of holy shrine surroundings re-building has caused new-building importance twice due to lack of taking care of it causes. This has happened due to decrease in tourism attraction and social security, identify removal, economic stagnancy, as well as distrust. This paper, discusses the key items of importance to rebuild and new build of erode textures of holy shrine surrounding using constant esthetic approach in the highly reputed cultural and religious Islamic city of Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract: The erode textures of modern cities subject has made the different areas decision-makers and civic managers to rebuild them erode textures of holy shrine surroundings re-building has caused new-building importance twice due to lack of taking care of it causes. This has happened due to decrease in tourism attraction and social security, identify rem...
Show More
-
Position of Historical Textures in Urban Development with a Glimpse to Qajar Garden Palace-Tehran
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 99-102
Received: 3 May 2015
Accepted: 5 May 2015
Published: 21 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.29
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Throughout history, mankind has been able to use its architectural techniques in order to construct residential spaces for itself and leave worthy and remarkable relics. Iran has significant monuments, buildings and architectural works among which Garden has always been considered important in both cities and decorative architectural motifs and paintings. This study tries to identify main range of the garden of Qasr Palace and analyze reflections of urban developments
Abstract: Throughout history, mankind has been able to use its architectural techniques in order to construct residential spaces for itself and leave worthy and remarkable relics. Iran has significant monuments, buildings and architectural works among which Garden has always been considered important in both cities and decorative architectural motifs and pai...
Show More
-
Climate Features of Mountainous Regions and Its Effect on Architecture Designation, Case Study of Residential Buildings of Bijar, Iran
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 95-98
Received: 8 June 2015
Accepted: 10 June 2015
Published: 11 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.28
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In order to determine the climate, we should have an accurate definition of climate and especially cold regions climate. The climate is a set of prevance conditions of climate and regions if mountainous areas have a cold atmosphere which should use fossil fuels energy for heating in the cold seasons to achieve relief. This leads to architecture designate apr Canvas using clean energies and materials with high heat coefficient which at all sustainable architecture designate should be considered. Bijar city clue to have a cold regions features plays key roles in architecture designate of its buildings and in recent years most of Iranian architects wants to use from this pattern but clute to unknowing the regions features, environment and native materials , they cannot reach it. The offered solution is that to designate in catch region, first we should analyze environment features and then with modern technologies and regard 19 discussion of national regulations of buildings and integration of these discussions, we can make building with the modern technologies against atmosphere conditions, in cold mountainous areas
Abstract: In order to determine the climate, we should have an accurate definition of climate and especially cold regions climate. The climate is a set of prevance conditions of climate and regions if mountainous areas have a cold atmosphere which should use fossil fuels energy for heating in the cold seasons to achieve relief. This leads to architecture des...
Show More
-
Boosting the Tourism Role of Koohsangi Axis in Order to Achieve Sustainable Urban Development
Maryam Bagheri Ghaleh Jooghi
,
Fatemeh Bagheri Ghaleh Jooghi
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 89-94
Received: 3 May 2015
Accepted: 5 May 2015
Published: 7 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.27
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The tourism industry is a structure that consists of variety of factors and components. Because of the multifaceted nature of the tourism industry, it can be examined from different perspectives.Development of attractive urban spaces is one of the tourism impacts on the body of urban spaces.Due to historical and cultural attractions, urban areas are often aimed at tourism destinations. Koohsangi urban park as an indicator of the performance of tourism in the city of Mashhad, affected the future prospects of the area. Therefore paying attention to the promotion of tourism oriented towards sustainable development is the goal of this study. In the present study we have analyzed the different orders and finally, the systems were assessed using SWOT tables. The three alternatives are recommended based on the research objectives and with AHP and TOPSIS method all alternatives are assessed. The best option is determined and by considering the axis potentials, some suggestions are offered to improve the tourism role of the axis.
Abstract: The tourism industry is a structure that consists of variety of factors and components. Because of the multifaceted nature of the tourism industry, it can be examined from different perspectives.Development of attractive urban spaces is one of the tourism impacts on the body of urban spaces.Due to historical and cultural attractions, urban areas ar...
Show More
-
Identification of Effective Components for Creation of Rituals in Public Spaces, Promotion of Social Values and Capital
Mohammad Moayedi
,
Seyed Komeyl Salehi
,
Reza Kheyroddin
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 81-88
Received: 8 June 2015
Accepted: 10 June 2015
Published: 7 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.26
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: An important aspect effective on city sustainability is ‘Social sustainability’ heeded such that numerous connoisseurs consider ‘social wealth’ a criterion of urban social sustainability. Also social rituals and values today reckon cultural source significance that when targeted on social relation production in society can develop social capital. An important bedding of ritual and urban social relations manifestation is urban public spaces. These spaces are considered association of nation shared perceptions carrying along socio cultural heritage, collective memory recreation and a site to present common social rites and values. Therefore, the significance of rituals at present just like urban public spaces during various cycles has impelled its essentiality to undertake replication on citizen’s cultural socio and psychological needs. By application of analytical descriptive method and library studies, this article is in addition to studying and analyzing the relative concept to discover effective components on urban public spaces for boosting public investment in consideration of rites and ritual ceremonies. That is why these findings truly indicate that ritual ceremony is an occasion for nations that on the basis of inner self inclination originating from creeds and beliefs to voluntarily and spontaneously attend public spaces and participate in activities. Hence, the impression of rituals and its relation with nation presence has also a serious impact on spatial structure. In addition, by promotion of public attendance and targeted social relation level promotion in urban public spaces, social investment is also effected by components such as attachments, dependency, commitments, participation and belief and creeds fortifications.
Abstract: An important aspect effective on city sustainability is ‘Social sustainability’ heeded such that numerous connoisseurs consider ‘social wealth’ a criterion of urban social sustainability. Also social rituals and values today reckon cultural source significance that when targeted on social relation production in society can develop social capital. A...
Show More
-
Reconsideration of Yoush Mazandaran Capabilities to Develop Tourism with a Glance at Local Features of the Area
Salma Shafaee
,
Hoseinali Jamshidi
,
Ali Dashti Shafiee
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 75-80
Received: 23 March 2015
Accepted: 25 March 2015
Published: 7 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.25
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Nowadays, due to city irregularities, disconnection of current architecture with the culture and climate of each region, and radical dependency to the values of western fashion have drawn their concepts to the rural houses, regions replete with faith, culture and hidden Persian culture. Therefore a village from Mazandaran province was chosen which in addition to natural charm and pristine and untouched nature, several thousand-year history and rich cultural attractions, also has a lot of capabilities in rural tourism development - a fundamental topic in tourism. This research attempts to turn the village into a cultural, tourism center to make a sustainable cultural and tourism development with a glance at related local features. This is a historical-interpretative article and the data gathering is based on documentations. Firstly we will mention concepts related to rural tourism and sustainability, then briefly review the existing potentials in villages and finally present solutions in order to deliver the preferred objectives, may they work.
Abstract: Nowadays, due to city irregularities, disconnection of current architecture with the culture and climate of each region, and radical dependency to the values of western fashion have drawn their concepts to the rural houses, regions replete with faith, culture and hidden Persian culture. Therefore a village from Mazandaran province was chosen which ...
Show More
-
Architectural Approach to Application of Reinforced Soil in the Structure of Bridges and Urban Overpasses
Gholamreza Pour Ebrahim
,
Omid Pourebrahim
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 70-74
Received: 18 January 2015
Accepted: 20 January 2015
Published: 7 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.24
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In recent years, population growth along with entering various kinds of cars in human life led to increasing the intercity trips, the trips that are not proportional with traffic capacity of streets especially intersections. This caused problems in the transportation. One of the solutions to this problem is to build bridges and roadway overpasses so that their applying in addition to flowing traffic, landscaping and creating green spaces has least effects on the architecture structure of the place. Application of reinforced soil is one of the appropriate and modern methods in this field. In this method a combination of elastic elements such as soil and geosynthetic (e.g., network fibers and polymer tissues) is used and huge soil bodies are created for path in an optimal desired shape. One of the precious advantages of this method is use of soil which is a natural and inexpensive element with the capability of growing plants. In this paper, we will review on types of bridge and overpass architecture in terms of topology and beautification, then besides stating the reinforced soil properties its functional potential in the field of making architecture structure will be discussed. Hoping that in this way architects can improve their intellectual creativity in this regard.
Abstract: In recent years, population growth along with entering various kinds of cars in human life led to increasing the intercity trips, the trips that are not proportional with traffic capacity of streets especially intersections. This caused problems in the transportation. One of the solutions to this problem is to build bridges and roadway overpasses s...
Show More
-
How to Reflect Spirit of the Time in the Current Architecture of Iran
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 64-69
Received: 7 May 2015
Accepted: 8 May 2015
Published: 11 June 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.23
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: With over a thousand of years of historical heritage, Iran has always been among the greatest civilizations in the history. The early pre–Islamic architecture of Iran has represented the identity of Iranian people through the times. Furthermore, after the emergence and spread of Islam in Iran, the Iranian architecture has continued to maintain its well-established historical values. However, since the reign of Qajaryan dynasty in Iran, which was coincided with the Renaissance period in Europe, Iranian architecture has gradually been declined and has lost its links with its glorious days. Advances in modern technology and sciences and rapid changes in the world conditions have also caused a further separation of the Iranian nation from their past glorious roots. As a result, the modern architecture in Iran hardly includes and reflects signs of its past civilization. The present study aims to provide a solution to the problem so that the cultural and historical roots of Iranian architecture can be maintained and reflected in modern structures. In this study, a concept to case methodology has been proposed using discursive practices. For this purpose, the concept of »identity« has first been identified, and then the way to combine the Iranian and Islamic architectural atmospheres has been discussed. After that, some examples for the implementation of combined Iranian – Islamic architecture in Iran have been provided. Finally, some enduring principles of the Iranian architecture for the design of the current Iranian architecture have been extracted. These principles are the persistent values which have existed in architecture of Iran. Thus, based on the results of this paper, Taking inspiration from authentic and sustainable patterns of Iranian architecture and modern expression of them using creativity and skill, is the best way for reflecting the identity in contemporary architecture of this land.
Abstract: With over a thousand of years of historical heritage, Iran has always been among the greatest civilizations in the history. The early pre–Islamic architecture of Iran has represented the identity of Iranian people through the times. Furthermore, after the emergence and spread of Islam in Iran, the Iranian architecture has continued to maintain its ...
Show More
-
Evaluation of Openings Role from the Perspective of Wind Flow in Hot and Humid Climates (Case Study of Bushehr Seaport, Iran)
Parniaz Eskandari
,
Ali Askar Rostami
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 58-63
Received: 24 February 2015
Accepted: 24 February 2015
Published: 11 June 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.22
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Wind plays a decisive and effective role in designing of space among climatic factors that these factors influence can be found in some cities and many of the buildings. However between architectural elements, openings play an important role in thermal comfort through controlling the amount of the entry and exit of air (wind).As there is most need to use appropriate air draught in hot and humid climate, especially in Bushehr climate, so providing openings in favorable wind direction to lead cool air from the sea level to city is necessary. In this paper it is tried to evaluate the design of openings in harmony with climate area of study, by analytical methods in the field of science based on climatic conditions and reliance on data collection and scientific analysis of wind movement and behavior in this climate. These analyses will cause the openings to be designed so that they meet the admission of air flow (wind)in terms of lineup, form and number; so that the air draught in building create an impact in generating proper and ideal temperature for the users of space.
Abstract: Wind plays a decisive and effective role in designing of space among climatic factors that these factors influence can be found in some cities and many of the buildings. However between architectural elements, openings play an important role in thermal comfort through controlling the amount of the entry and exit of air (wind).As there is most need ...
Show More
-
The Significance of Architectural Approach to the Effects of Earthquake and Materials in the Design and Positioning of Gateways
Ahmad Mirza Kuchak Khoshnevis
,
Omid Pourebrahim
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 52-57
Received: 11 February 2015
Accepted: 24 February 2015
Published: 4 June 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.21
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: According to the basic principles of earthquake engineering, during earthquake forces in addition to the gravity force are generated in proportion to the weight of structural members and the seismic acceleration as a result of the vibration caused to all structural members including gateways. The distribution and intensity of such forces depend on the architecture (shape, form, size and aspect ratio) of the building. Accordingly, it seems that in designing gateways, architects not only shall consider the operational and aesthetic dimensions of the member, but also consider shall pay attention to the mutual effects of building materials and earthquake. By designing an appropriate form and by considering the dimensional proportion and earthquake engineering principles it is possible to mitigate earthquake-induced damages. Therefore, architectural engineering plays the key role in maintaining the balance and sustainability of structures and optimizing plans. The significance of the effects of earthquake to the design and positioning of gateways by architectural engineering can be explained as follows: 1) The gateway is the placeholder for doors and openings (which are very light-weight and flexible elements) and thus it not only reduces earthquake forces due to the lightness of its components but also allows for the transfer and flow of stresses to the margins and surroundings; 2) Since even seconds matter for saving the lives of humans during earthquake, accurate positioning of gateway and its dimensions can influence the speed of movement through the gateway; 3) Since gateway provides a free space and its surroundings are formed of resistant shapeable materials, it is possible to use it as a shelter at the time of earthquake; 4) In this research it was tried to use the basic principles and relations associated with the resistance of materials, the principles of earthquake engineering (for the theoretical study), and also documentary images of earthquake (for the field study) to study the effects of shape and aspect ratio of gateways on the forces and stresses caused by earthquake.
Abstract: According to the basic principles of earthquake engineering, during earthquake forces in addition to the gravity force are generated in proportion to the weight of structural members and the seismic acceleration as a result of the vibration caused to all structural members including gateways. The distribution and intensity of such forces depend on ...
Show More
-
The Common Language of Sustainable Architecture in Creating New Architectural Spaces
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 47-51
Received: 23 March 2015
Accepted: 25 March 2015
Published: 9 May 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.20
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In the outlook for global environmental, sustainability is defined as a dream of the present-day needs without compromising resources for future generations. Achieving this objective in the international community requires explaining the policies, objectives and strategies that can be achieved through the construction of sustainable human environments. In this context, it is essential to find a common language and means which can create a link between the architecture of buildings and urban spaces around the world. This language can be obtained by analyzing the characteristics and principles of designing of Green architecture, High -Tech architectures and Echo-Tech architecture as the symbols of sustainable architecture and we can see these principles in the construction of new technologies in the world. The purpose of this study is to seek this common language for designing sustainable architectural spaces. The method of this study is based on library studies and descriptive approach. The results of this study were to give the principles, standards and common tools for creating sustainable architecture spaces and to explain the alphabet of this language including modular systems, flexible integrated spaces, using nature in sustainable architecture, green materials, etc.
Abstract: In the outlook for global environmental, sustainability is defined as a dream of the present-day needs without compromising resources for future generations. Achieving this objective in the international community requires explaining the policies, objectives and strategies that can be achieved through the construction of sustainable human environme...
Show More
-
Investigating the indicators of Sustainable Architecture in Traditional Desert Houses – A Case Study of Gonabad, Iran
Seyedeh Maryam Mojtabavi
,
Mohammad Taghi Validad
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 41-46
Received: 31 January 2015
Accepted: 1 February 2015
Published: 31 March 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.19
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The traditional architecture of historic cities in Iran teaches us many lessons about the local architecture. For instance, the techniques used in designing the open spaces of desert cities are of significance considering the fact that they have made life possibility comfortable and sustainable for thousands of years despite the harsh and inconvenient conditions of these areas. In this article, we will discuss the principles of sustainable architecture and, also, assess the climatic factors in traditional houses of the desert town of Gonabad. The buildings were investigated with a comparative method using principles of sustainability. Using these experiences can be of usefulness in rebuilding residential areas. At the end, we concluded that traditional architecture, unlike modern buildings, has been very successful and we can benefit from applying their techniques to new designs because of their efficient use of climatic factors and natural resources.
Abstract: The traditional architecture of historic cities in Iran teaches us many lessons about the local architecture. For instance, the techniques used in designing the open spaces of desert cities are of significance considering the fact that they have made life possibility comfortable and sustainable for thousands of years despite the harsh and inconveni...
Show More
-
Studying the Relationship Between Urban Green Corridors and Sustainable Urban Landscape
Sara Golestani Eraghi
,
Mona Meschi
,
Saeed Gholampour
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 36-40
Received: 10 February 2015
Accepted: 10 February 2015
Published: 27 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.18
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In the past, the concept of sustainability was a result of human knowledge about environment issues and cultural, economical and social problems. One of the main goals of sustainable development is to save the nature and to have a better look at it. The expression of sustainable development in urban spaces is named sustainable urban landscape. Architects have very important role in this matter since they are responsible for 75% of climate changing, directly or indirectly. Sustainable urban landscape is one of the effective factors in health of environment and reduction of environmental pollution. Green corridors are one of the most effective spaces in sustainability of urban landscapes. Green corridors involve long green spaces in the cities and river-valleys which flow among the cities and somehow change the micro climate of the areas. These spaces can have positive and negative effects on sustainability of urban landscape and then environmental health of cities. In this paper, we attempt to examine the role of green corridors in sustainability of urban landscape in means of increases and decreases of environmental pollutions. So that we will also have a case study of these spaces in one of the cities of Iran and we will try to represent some solutions to achieve sustainable urban landscape and environmental health.
Abstract: In the past, the concept of sustainability was a result of human knowledge about environment issues and cultural, economical and social problems. One of the main goals of sustainable development is to save the nature and to have a better look at it. The expression of sustainable development in urban spaces is named sustainable urban landscape. Arch...
Show More
-
Study on Urban Roadside Landscape with the Procedure of Permanent Urban Planning
Mohammadreza Noghsan Mohammadi
,
Parisa Rismanbaf
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 31-35
Received: 17 January 2015
Accepted: 19 January 2015
Published: 27 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.17
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In past, the urban roadside was the connector joint of the inside manmade landscape and outside natural landscape. Disorganization of spatial hierarchical in physical system of the cities due to be modernized, has caused that the urban roadside landscapes have been unidentified and encountered to disorganization. The urban roadside landscape is the first space that the travelers are visiting. Therefore, this space must be effective information of group minds and their mental imaginations. Later, through expansion of cities to harbor areas, the locations which those squares and boulevards where, are urban roadside landscape now, will be located therein, and will be further converted to an urban difficulty. Therefore, a type of foresight is necessary for decreasing the difficulties of the permanent future structure. In this article, urban landscapes are studied with consideration to the permanency principles. Results of the research are presented as strengthening components of permanent development dimensions in order to design the urban roadside landscapes. This research is in the type of fundamental and the research methodology type is descriptive-analytical.
Abstract: In past, the urban roadside was the connector joint of the inside manmade landscape and outside natural landscape. Disorganization of spatial hierarchical in physical system of the cities due to be modernized, has caused that the urban roadside landscapes have been unidentified and encountered to disorganization. The urban roadside landscape is the...
Show More
-
The Basis and Operation of Windcatcher in Architecture of Iran's Lut Desert Suburbs: Case Study of Shahdad, Iran
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 27-30
Received: 26 January 2015
Accepted: 26 January 2015
Published: 13 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.16
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Desert's winds in Iran often have high speed and undesirable quality. The architecture of these areas in suburbs of Lut desert has been contrasted to it as well, Iran has gained benefit from using windcatchers in natural ventilation and cooling the air for public and private spaces so much. This has provided hot rest by natural energy and in this direction, the building were breathing. so by advancing the technology and the materials and construction's methods it is gradually forgotten but obtained efficiency and basis of windcatcher during several century is a valuable gift for keeping the house from machine statue. In this regard, previous research studies and surveys with descriptive- analyzing method have been reviewed and applied for the quality of exploiting the basis and operation of windcatchers in today's architecture in Lut desert suburbs, especially the city of Shahdad.
Abstract: Desert's winds in Iran often have high speed and undesirable quality. The architecture of these areas in suburbs of Lut desert has been contrasted to it as well, Iran has gained benefit from using windcatchers in natural ventilation and cooling the air for public and private spaces so much. This has provided hot rest by natural energy and in this d...
Show More
-
The Role of Urban Sculpture in Shaping the Meaning of Identity in Contemporary Urban Planning
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 24-26
Received: 14 January 2015
Accepted: 19 January 2015
Published: 13 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.15
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In order to investigate the role of urban sculpture in shaping the sense of identity in contemporary urbanism, studying their history and background and reasons for their emergence in the city seem to be necessary. The emergence of the identity crisis may be a predisposing factor for authentication attempts. Location is an aspect of space which is occupied by something or someone and has meaning and value dimensions. In other words, location is where function and meaning of space interact. Thus, form, function, installation place and connotation of urban sculpture can have a central role for formation and alignment of existent semantic identity of urban planning of a city. The goal of this study is to study the role of these statues in the sense of identity in urban planning and the research method was literature review and surveying. The results show that the statues have a major role to stabilize or disrupt the meaning of identity in a city.
Abstract: In order to investigate the role of urban sculpture in shaping the sense of identity in contemporary urbanism, studying their history and background and reasons for their emergence in the city seem to be necessary. The emergence of the identity crisis may be a predisposing factor for authentication attempts. Location is an aspect of space which is ...
Show More
-
The Challenges of Sustainable Development and Architecture
Shaham Asadi
,
Mehrdad Farrokhi
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 11-17
Received: 17 January 2015
Accepted: 19 January 2015
Published: 9 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Ignoring sustainable development leads on to destruction of the environment and humankind. This thought in third world is copied from developed countries, without preserving the collective identity in the community in which historical and cultural approaches are one of the main heritages. The identity crises are to some extent caused by architect’s actions, since they consider the environment more important than cultural and social issues. Sustainable development looks at architecture with modernistic approach. Sustainable Architecture and urban designing are not a common – international concept of communities, cultures and people of every community. Beside scientific and new global experiences, we should define sustainability with decent comprehension of history, culture, climate and main infrastructures. Sustainable architecture has a postmodernist point of view about objects and never directs its attention to just one main global idea, ignoring the culture and environment, and never puts mechanic outlook on architecture or urban designing. Method of research in this paper is based on the description and analyses of sustainable architecture by using other literatures. This paper tries to show the process of sustainable development evolution and the viewpoint of sustainable architecture as well as sustainable development in order to decide whether this idea responds the crisis age needs.
Abstract: Ignoring sustainable development leads on to destruction of the environment and humankind. This thought in third world is copied from developed countries, without preserving the collective identity in the community in which historical and cultural approaches are one of the main heritages. The identity crises are to some extent caused by architect’s...
Show More
-
An Overview of Sustainable Design Factors in High-Rise Buildings
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 18-23
Received: 26 January 2015
Accepted: 26 January 2015
Published: 9 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Nowadays population growth and increase of land cost have made it inevitable for the cities to construct tall building or vertical development or growth. Among the advantages of vertical expansion of the cities are saving cultivable land to supply needed food for increasing population, reducing environmental destruction due to reduced construction on natural land, reduce in transportation and urban traffic as well as reduce in energy consumption and air pollution caused by horizontal expansion of the cities. This paper examines relationship between high-performance tall building architecture and environment applying innovative technology. Research method of present investigation is descriptive. It is concluded that the future of the built environment depends on the methods and techniques used by engineers and architects to design sustainable environment and intelligent building.
Abstract: Nowadays population growth and increase of land cost have made it inevitable for the cities to construct tall building or vertical development or growth. Among the advantages of vertical expansion of the cities are saving cultivable land to supply needed food for increasing population, reducing environmental destruction due to reduced construction ...
Show More
-
The Effect of Nano-Concrete on the Form of High-Rise Buildings in Sustainable Agriculture
Bahareh Golkar
,
Sasan Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 5-10
Received: 14 January 2015
Accepted: 19 January 2015
Published: 9 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Construction of modern high-rise concrete buildings meets the need for more accommodation of people and their demands to live and work in cities. The use of new technologies such as nano particles in construction can be one of the effective factors determining the form of a high-rise building in terms of architectural features such as performance, strength and durability, and safety issues. This study aims to examine nano concrete features in construction of high-rise buildings with appropriate form by using peripheral technologies and considering the cultural, social, and regional contents which are the objectives of sustainable development. On the other hand, some appropriate recommendations are made in this regard.
Abstract: Construction of modern high-rise concrete buildings meets the need for more accommodation of people and their demands to live and work in cities. The use of new technologies such as nano particles in construction can be one of the effective factors determining the form of a high-rise building in terms of architectural features such as performance, ...
Show More
-
The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Building Management System
Elham Fariborzi
,
Golnaz Tavassolian
Issue: Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015
Pages: 1-4
Received: 13 January 2015
Accepted: 17 January 2015
Published: 9 February 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsts.s.2015030201.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Nowadays, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), as the main axis of transformation and development in the world have incorporated achievements that neglecting them makes a chaos in the society and well-being of people. Key role of novel information and communication technologies in various fields cannot be ignored. Smart houses are important components of country’s development plan and also thorough building management systems and technologies. The purpose of this article is to study the role of information technology and communication in making buildings intelligent from different angles. This would cause peace, silence and additional security along with optimizing energy usage, as well as saving time and money in building maintenance.
Abstract: Nowadays, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), as the main axis of transformation and development in the world have incorporated achievements that neglecting them makes a chaos in the society and well-being of people. Key role of novel information and communication technologies in various fields cannot be ignored. Smart houses are import...
Show More
