Dementia is a major clinical issue for neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, specialist and general physicians. Dementia is a subject of extensive research the world over. Clinical aspects, pharmacological and non pharmacological therapeutic options, development of biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, neuroimaging findings and newer protocols are but some of the challenging areas which are engaging the researchers. Further caregivers of subjects with dementia are also subject of clinical evaluation and research.
The special issue ’ Recent research in Dementia’ has been designed to provide a platform for clinicians and researchers engaged in research into clinical aspects of dementia to present their latest research findings.
The special issue will feature recently conducted original research as well as review articles summing up the current understanding on different aspects of dementia. This issue will be of utility to all professionals who are engaged in clinical care of subjects with dementia. The special issue will provide some answers and raise even more questions- setting the agenda for more clinical research in the field of dementia.
02Meet the Guest Editors
Our distinguished editors bring deep subject-matter expertise to curate high-quality research and ensure a rigorous peer-review process.
Lead Guest Editor
Kuljeet Anand
Department of Neurology, PGIMER and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
Guest Editor
Sumitha Agnina
Pharmacology, Sundry Brain institute, Germany
Guest Editor
Mina Chandra
Department of Psychiatry, PGIMER and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi, India
Guest Editor
Sumitha Agnina
Pharmacology, Sundry Brain institute, Germany
Guest Editor
Haji Khan Khoharo
Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University , Hyderabad, Pakistan
Guest Editor
Karthik Bodhinathan
Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
03Published Articles
The following articles have been published in this special issue.
Abstract: Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neuro-psychiatric syndrome due to inadequate supply of thiamine (vitamin B1) to the brain which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Although alcohol use is the most common predisposing factor but Wernicke’s encephalopathy can occur in any patient with nutritional deficiency conditions such as hyperemesis gravidarum, hemodialysis, malignancy, use of total parenteral nutrition without adequate thiamine, and abdominal surgery. In a developing country, there are more chances of thiamine deficiency, because of poor intake of nutrients in routine diet due to economic reasons and local customs and cultural practices concerning the processing and cooking of rice and other foodstuffs. The national household survey of drug use in India (2004) found prevalence of alcohol use in about 21.4% of male population between 18-40 age group. Most of the emergency physicians and general practitioners are not well sensitized about neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with alcohol use disorders. Such patients are still under diagnosed. Till date, no such studies are available about treatment of wernicke-korsakoff syndrome in Indian population. Educating clinicians, specially emergency physicians about evaluation and treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is as important as to educate people to eat well balanced, mixed diet containing thiamine rich food as most of these patients receive emergency treatment but are frequently unrecognized. If undiagnosed or inadequately treated, it is likely to proceed to Korsakoff syndrome. Therefore best treatment for Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.Abstract: Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neuro-psychiatric syndrome due to inadequate supply of thiamine (vitamin B1) to the brain which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Although alcohol use is the most common predisposing factor but Wernicke’s encephalopathy can occur in any patient with nutritional deficiency conditions such as hyp...Show More
Abstract: Dementia is a mental health disorder of global public health concern. The syndrome of dementia may be caused by various underlying diseases, each characterized by a specific constellation of signs and symptoms in combination with a presumed underlying substrate of neuropathology. Behavioral and psychological symptoms are integral part of dementia. They increase morbidity, influence quality of life and are major source of care giver burden. To be effective, dementia care need to focus on the early detection of BPSD and its management. The spectrum of behavioral and psychological symptoms in different each types of dementia are different and they should be managed accordingly to relieve care giver burden.Abstract: Dementia is a mental health disorder of global public health concern. The syndrome of dementia may be caused by various underlying diseases, each characterized by a specific constellation of signs and symptoms in combination with a presumed underlying substrate of neuropathology. Behavioral and psychological symptoms are integral part of dementia. ...Show More
Abstract: Purpose: To assess retinal structural changes in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to correlate these changes with the level of cognitive function. Material-methods: Using high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in MCI and control subjects we assess peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) thickness loss, macular volume and macular thickness loss in all nine EDTRS (early treatment diabetic retinopathy study) areas, and macular Ganglion Cell Complex (GCC) (inner plexiform + ganglion cell layer + retinal nerve fiber) thickness loss. We assessed cognitive function using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Results: In the study group there was found a statistically significant decrease in RNFL overall (Mann-Whitney test, p: 0.009) and temporal thickness (T-test, p: 0.013) and increased macular GCC Focal Volume Loss (FVL%) (Mann-Whitney test, p: 0.001) compared to the control group. In control group was also found a statistically significant positive correlation between retinal structural parameters and MMSE score. Conclusion: Our preliminary study results suggest that RNFL overall and temporal thickness in patients with MCI is significantly decreased compared to normal controls. GCC FVL% is significantly increased in patients with MCI compared to normal controls suggesting that there is macular focal loss of ganglion cells in MCI patients.Abstract: Purpose: To assess retinal structural changes in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to correlate these changes with the level of cognitive function. Material-methods: Using high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in MCI and control subjects we assess peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) thicknes...Show More
