Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana; Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana, Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu

Published in Journal of Energy and Natural Resources (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 13 May 2015 Accepted: 29 May 2015 Published: 11 June 2015

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Abstract

The relative abundance of some Nigerian seed oils coupled with the little knowledge of their biodiesel usage prompted the need for this research. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. In this work, studies were carried out to investigate the fuel properties of Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum ethylesters and their corresponding ethyl ester blends. Ethylesters of these oils were prepared by H2SO4 catalysed transesterification reaction between the oils and ethanol. The fuel properties such as kinematic viscosity, flash points, pour point and water crackle were determined. GC-MS was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the transesterified oils. The fuel properties correlated very well with the fatty acid compositions. The results showed that the oils were rich in saturated fatty acids (66.67%), appreciable value of monounsaturated fatty acids (33.33%) and little percent (33.33%) polyunsaturated fatty acids and absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum esters. The fatty acid chain lengths that were predominant in Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum were C16, C18 and C20. The fuel properties of Colocynthus vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum biodiesel blends were better when compared to the oil and petrodiesel in terms of flash points, viscosity and pour points, hence the optimum engine performance of both oil and petrodiesel could be improved by use of these biodiesel feedstock.

Published in	Journal of Energy and Natural Resources (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
Page(s)	40-44
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ethylbiodiesels, Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum, Comparative Analysis

References

[1]	Ajiwe, V.I.E., Mbonu, S.O., and Enukorah, E.A.O., (2006): Biofuel from Irvinga gabonesis seed oil and its methylesters, proceedings of the NASEF’06 International Conference, Awka, Solar Energy society of Nigeria, pp. 247-252.
[2]	Ajiwe, V.I.E., Okeke, C.A., Agbo, H.U, (1995): Extraction and utilisation of Afzelia africana seed oil; Bioresources technology, Elsevier Science Limited, Britain, 53, 89-90.
[3]	Altin, R., Çetinkaya, S, Yücesu,H.S., (2001) The potential of using vegetable oil fuels as fuel for diesel engines. Energy Conversion and Management, 42: 529-538.
[4]	Cert, A., Moreda, W., Pérez-Camino, M.C., (2000) Chromatographic analysis of minor constituents in vegetable oils. Journal of Chromatography, 881: 131-148.
[5]	Jaichandar, S., and Annamaiia, K. (2011) The Status of Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine- An Overview, Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 2, 71-75.
[6]	Katikaneni, S. P. R., Adjaye, J.D., Idem, R.O., Bakhshi, N. N., (1998) Performance studies of various cracking catalysts in the conversion of canola oil to fuels and chemicals in a fluidized-bed reactor. JAOCS, 75: 381-391.
[7]	Kaufmann, H. P., Funke, S., (1938) The field of fats. LIX. The viscometry of fats (ZurViskometrie de fette(Studien auf demfettgebiet, 59. Mitteilung.)).Fette u seifen, 45(5):255-62.
[8]	Keith, A. (2001) Handmade Projects (http://joumeytoforever. org/keith_cv.htm).
[9]	Knothe, G., Steidley, K. R., (2005) Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel fuel components and related compounds, Influence of compound structure and comparison to petrodiesel fuel components. Elsevier journal fuel, 84:1059-1065.
[10]	Ma, F., Hanna, M.A., (1999) Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresource Technology 70: 1-15.
[11]	Shrestha, D.S., Van, G., and Thompson, J., (2008) Effectiveness of Cold Flow Additives on Various Biodiesels, Diesel and Their Blends; Transactions of the ASASE, 51 (4):1365-1370.

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Anekwe Ozioma Juliana, Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. (2015). Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources, 4(3), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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ACS Style

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana; Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. J. Energy Nat. Resour. 2015, 4(3), 40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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AMA Style

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana, Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. J Energy Nat Resour. 2015;4(3):40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11,
  author = {Anekwe Ozioma Juliana and Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu},
  title = {Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils},
  journal = {Journal of Energy and Natural Resources},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {40-44},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jenr.20150403.11},
  abstract = {The relative abundance of some Nigerian seed oils coupled with the little knowledge of their biodiesel usage prompted the need for this research. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. In this work, studies were carried out to investigate the fuel properties of Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum ethylesters and their corresponding ethyl ester blends. Ethylesters of these oils were prepared by H2SO4 catalysed transesterification reaction between the oils and ethanol. The fuel properties such as kinematic viscosity, flash points, pour point and water crackle were determined. GC-MS was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the transesterified oils. The fuel properties correlated very well with the fatty acid compositions. The results showed that the oils were rich in saturated fatty acids (66.67%), appreciable value of monounsaturated fatty acids (33.33%) and little percent (33.33%) polyunsaturated fatty acids and absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum esters. The fatty acid chain lengths that were predominant in Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum were C16, C18 and C20. The fuel properties of Colocynthus vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum biodiesel blends were better when compared to the oil and petrodiesel in terms of flash points, viscosity and pour points, hence the optimum engine performance of both oil and petrodiesel could be improved by use of these biodiesel feedstock.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils
AU  - Anekwe Ozioma Juliana
AU  - Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu
Y1  - 2015/06/11
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
T2  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
JF  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
JO  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
SP  - 40
EP  - 44
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7404
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
AB  - The relative abundance of some Nigerian seed oils coupled with the little knowledge of their biodiesel usage prompted the need for this research. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. In this work, studies were carried out to investigate the fuel properties of Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum ethylesters and their corresponding ethyl ester blends. Ethylesters of these oils were prepared by H2SO4 catalysed transesterification reaction between the oils and ethanol. The fuel properties such as kinematic viscosity, flash points, pour point and water crackle were determined. GC-MS was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the transesterified oils. The fuel properties correlated very well with the fatty acid compositions. The results showed that the oils were rich in saturated fatty acids (66.67%), appreciable value of monounsaturated fatty acids (33.33%) and little percent (33.33%) polyunsaturated fatty acids and absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum esters. The fatty acid chain lengths that were predominant in Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum were C16, C18 and C20. The fuel properties of Colocynthus vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum biodiesel blends were better when compared to the oil and petrodiesel in terms of flash points, viscosity and pour points, hence the optimum engine performance of both oil and petrodiesel could be improved by use of these biodiesel feedstock.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

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Anekwe Ozioma Juliana, Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. (2015). Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources, 4(3), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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ACS Style

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana; Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. J. Energy Nat. Resour. 2015, 4(3), 40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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AMA Style

Anekwe Ozioma Juliana, Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu. Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils. J Energy Nat Resour. 2015;4(3):40-44. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11,
  author = {Anekwe Ozioma Juliana and Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu},
  title = {Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils},
  journal = {Journal of Energy and Natural Resources},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {40-44},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jenr.20150403.11},
  abstract = {The relative abundance of some Nigerian seed oils coupled with the little knowledge of their biodiesel usage prompted the need for this research. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. In this work, studies were carried out to investigate the fuel properties of Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum ethylesters and their corresponding ethyl ester blends. Ethylesters of these oils were prepared by H2SO4 catalysed transesterification reaction between the oils and ethanol. The fuel properties such as kinematic viscosity, flash points, pour point and water crackle were determined. GC-MS was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the transesterified oils. The fuel properties correlated very well with the fatty acid compositions. The results showed that the oils were rich in saturated fatty acids (66.67%), appreciable value of monounsaturated fatty acids (33.33%) and little percent (33.33%) polyunsaturated fatty acids and absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum esters. The fatty acid chain lengths that were predominant in Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum were C16, C18 and C20. The fuel properties of Colocynthus vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum biodiesel blends were better when compared to the oil and petrodiesel in terms of flash points, viscosity and pour points, hence the optimum engine performance of both oil and petrodiesel could be improved by use of these biodiesel feedstock.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Analysis of the Fuel Properties of Ethylester Biodiesels from Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum and Colocynthus vulgaris Seed Oils
AU  - Anekwe Ozioma Juliana
AU  - Ajiwe Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu
Y1  - 2015/06/11
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
T2  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
JF  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
JO  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
SP  - 40
EP  - 44
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7404
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.11
AB  - The relative abundance of some Nigerian seed oils coupled with the little knowledge of their biodiesel usage prompted the need for this research. Biodiesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. In this work, studies were carried out to investigate the fuel properties of Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum ethylesters and their corresponding ethyl ester blends. Ethylesters of these oils were prepared by H2SO4 catalysed transesterification reaction between the oils and ethanol. The fuel properties such as kinematic viscosity, flash points, pour point and water crackle were determined. GC-MS was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the transesterified oils. The fuel properties correlated very well with the fatty acid compositions. The results showed that the oils were rich in saturated fatty acids (66.67%), appreciable value of monounsaturated fatty acids (33.33%) and little percent (33.33%) polyunsaturated fatty acids and absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum esters. The fatty acid chain lengths that were predominant in Cyperus esculentus, Colocynthus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum were C16, C18 and C20. The fuel properties of Colocynthus vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus and Sesamum indicum biodiesel blends were better when compared to the oil and petrodiesel in terms of flash points, viscosity and pour points, hence the optimum engine performance of both oil and petrodiesel could be improved by use of these biodiesel feedstock.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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