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Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis

Received: 1 December 2014     Accepted: 9 December 2014     Published: 12 January 2015
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Abstract

The study examines the factors that determine health care demand of the people of Kwabre East District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Health behaviour model formulated by Anderson and Newman was adopted for the analysis with the help of Ordered Probit. The result of the study revealed that, the level of income, transportation cost, hospital cost and NHIS have positive signs, implying that as these factors increases, the utilization of health care facilities also increases. It was found out from the marginal effects results that, NHIS and transport cost have negative signs on the patient’s first visit to hospital whiles the level of income and hospital cost were insignificant.

Published in International Journal of Business and Economics Research (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17
Page(s) 259-265
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), Health care demand, Ordered Probit Model, Kwabre East District

References
[1] Akin, J .S., Guilkey, D.K and Denton, E.H( 1981) “Quality of Services and Demand for Health Care in Nigeria”Social Science Medicine. 1981 Jun;40(11):1527-37.
[2] Asenso,O. (1995): “Financing health care in Ghana”, World Health Forum, 1995; 16(1):86-91
[3] Arcury, P. (2005): Public spending onhealth care in Africa: do the poor benefit?Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2005, 78(1).
[4] Canagarajah, A and Xiao Ye (2001) ‘Public Health and Education Spending in Ghana in 1992-98.Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (2), 407–443.
[5] Ching, A and Stephen, F(1996): “Cost Recovery,Health Policy and Planning in Ghana”.Econometrica, 1996 , 44 : 249 - 256
[6] Demery, L (1995): ‘Benefit incidence. A practitioner’s Guide,’ Poverty and Social Development Group, Africa Region, The World Bank.
[7] Ghana Statistical Service (2007) ‘Pattern and Trends of Poverty in Ghana: 1991-2006’.
[8] Glick, P and Razakamanantsoa, M (2005) ‘The Distribution of Education and Health Services in Madagascar over the 1990s: Increasing Progressivity in an Era of Low Growth; Journal of African Economies, Vol. 15, pp399-433.
[9] Mattson, J (2010): “Public Expenditure in Malaysia: Who Benefits and Why?The World Bank, Oxford University Press, New York.
[10] William,G(2002). "Convenient estimators for the panel probit model: Further results," Working Papers, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Economics.
[11] Sahn, D., Stephen, Y and Garance, G (1993): The Demand for Health Care Services in Rural Tanzania, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 62 (2): 0305-9049
[12] Paqueo, A (1977); Incidence of Social Spending in Ghana.’ PSP Discussion Papers Series No. 82, Poverty and Social Policy Department, The World Bank (November).
[13] Rimando, L (1970) ‘Gender and Public Social Spending Disaggregating Benefit Incidence, Poverty and Social Policy Department; World Bank.
[14] Sahn, D and Stephen, Y (2003)‘ Estimating the Incidence of Indirect Taxes in Developing Countries’ .The World Bank, Washington, DC.
[15] Societal and Individual Determinants of Medical Care Utilization in the United States (Andersen &Newman 1973 and Wolinsky, 1988b))
[16] Transport, Distance, and Health Care Utilization for Older Adults in Rural and Small Urban Areas (Jeremy Mattson, North Dakota state University, Fargo; December 2010).
[17] The National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Prospects and challenges: a Cross-Sectional Evidence; Freeman F.K. Gobah and Zhang Liang; March 15, 2011).
[18] Trivedy, S and Marcelo, J (2009): “Who Benefits from Government Expenditures? A Case Study of Colombia”, Oxford University Press, New York, 1979
[19] Van, D. B., Valentina, M andNsowah, N(2004),“Health-care Provision and Self-medication in Ghana” Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research, ISSER, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; SOW-VU, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
[20] World Health Organization, WHO Database, 19 September 2008 and GHS annual report 2011; Ghana.
[21] World Bank (1995) ‘Ghana: Poverty Past, Present and Future. Report No. 14504-GH, Washington D.C.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Bismark Osei, Mark Edem Kunawotor, Enock Anane. (2015). Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis. International Journal of Business and Economics Research, 3(6), 259-265. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17

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    ACS Style

    Bismark Osei; Mark Edem Kunawotor; Enock Anane. Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis. Int. J. Bus. Econ. Res. 2015, 3(6), 259-265. doi: 10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17

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    AMA Style

    Bismark Osei, Mark Edem Kunawotor, Enock Anane. Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis. Int J Bus Econ Res. 2015;3(6):259-265. doi: 10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17,
      author = {Bismark Osei and Mark Edem Kunawotor and Enock Anane},
      title = {Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis},
      journal = {International Journal of Business and Economics Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {259-265},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijber.20140306.17},
      abstract = {The study examines the factors that determine health care demand of the people of Kwabre East District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Health behaviour model formulated by Anderson and Newman was adopted for the analysis with  the help of Ordered Probit. The result of the study revealed that, the level of income, transportation cost, hospital cost and NHIS have positive signs, implying that as these factors increases, the utilization of health care facilities also increases. It was found out from the marginal effects results that, NHIS and transport cost have negative signs on the patient’s first visit to hospital whiles the level of income and hospital cost were insignificant.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    T1  - Determinants of Health Care Demand in Ghana Using the Ordered Probit Model Analysis
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    T2  - International Journal of Business and Economics Research
    JF  - International Journal of Business and Economics Research
    JO  - International Journal of Business and Economics Research
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20140306.17
    AB  - The study examines the factors that determine health care demand of the people of Kwabre East District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Health behaviour model formulated by Anderson and Newman was adopted for the analysis with  the help of Ordered Probit. The result of the study revealed that, the level of income, transportation cost, hospital cost and NHIS have positive signs, implying that as these factors increases, the utilization of health care facilities also increases. It was found out from the marginal effects results that, NHIS and transport cost have negative signs on the patient’s first visit to hospital whiles the level of income and hospital cost were insignificant.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Finance and Accounting, Zenith University College, Accra, Ghana

  • Department of Finance and Accounting, Zenith University College, Accra, Ghana

  • Department of Economics, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana

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