Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei

Boniface Otieno Ndinya; Alex Okello

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei

Boniface Otieno Ndinya, Alex Okello

Published in American Journal of Modern Physics (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 22 October 2014 Accepted: 13 November 2014 Published: 20 November 2014

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Abstract

The thermodynamics property of finite heavy mass nuclei, with the number of protons greater than the number of neutron is investigated. The core of the nucleus contains the neutron-proton pair that interacts harmonically; the excess neutron(s) reside(s) on the surface of the nucleus and introduce the anharmonic effect. The total energy is evaluated using ladder operator method and the quantum mechanical statistical expression of energy. The total energy, heat capacity and entropy are found to depend on the occupation number of states and the number of excess neutrons. At temperature near absolute zero the specific heat and entropy are lowest because a decreases in temperature leads to a decrease in particle interaction and energy.

Published in	American Journal of Modern Physics (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
Page(s)	240-244
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anharmonic Oscillator, Transition Temperature, Heat Capacity and Entropy

References

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[2]	Civitarese, O and Reboiro M (1997). Proton-neutron pairing effects in medium and heavy mass nuclei. Physical Review C, 56 , 1179-1182.
[3]	Engel, J, Pittel, S, Stoitsov, M, Vogel, P and Dukelsky, J (1997). Neutron-proton correlations in an exactly solvable model. Physical Review C, 55, 1781-1788.
[4]	Kanada-En'yo, Y, Hinohara, N, Suhara, T, and Schuck, P. (2009). Dineutron correlations in quasi-two-dimensional systems in a simplified model, and possible relation to neutron-rich nuclei. Physical Review C, 79, 054305-054322.
[5]	Pitaevski, L. and Stringari S. (1998). Theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in trapped gases. Reviews of modern Physics, Vol. 71, 463-512.
[6]	Xue-Xi, Y., Hai-Jun, W. and Chang-Pu, S. (1998). Bose-Einstein condensation in Harmonic oscillator potential, Physica Scripta, Vol. 57, 324-326.
[7]	Haldar, S. K., Chakrabarti, B., Bhattacharyya, S. and Das, T. K. (2014). Condensate fraction and critical temperature of interacting Bose gas in anharmonic trap. arXiv preprint arXiv:1403.2717.
[8]	Singh, K. K. (1967). Stastical Mechanics of a system of interacting Bosons. Physica , 34, 285-309.
[9]	Shigeo, N. (1972). A thermodynamic Perturbation theory of the Anharmonic Oscillator I. Progress in Theoretical Physics , 48 (2), 407-432.
[10]	Naya Shigeo and Siegel Armand. (1972). A thermodynamic Perturbation theory of Anharmonic Oscillator II. Progrss in Theoretical Physics , 48 (3), 783-807.
[11]	Khanna K .M, Kanyeki G. F, Rotich .S K, Torongey P. K and Ameka S. E. (2010). Anharmonic perturbation of neutron-proton pair by unpaired neutrons in heavy finite nuclei. Indian Jouurnal of Pure and Applied Physics , 7-15.
[12]	Sakwa, T.W, Ayodo, Y.K, Sarai, A, Khanna K.M, Rapanda B.W and Mukoya, A.K. (2013). Thermodynamics of Grand-Canoniacal Binary System at low temperatures. International Journal of Physics and Mathematical Sciences , 3 (2), 87-98.
[13]	Walter Greiner, Ludwig Neise and Horst Stocker. (1997). Thermodynamics and Stastical Mechanics. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
[14]	Sakurai, J. J. (1994). Modern Quantum Mechanics. New York: Addision-Wesley Publishing Company.
[15]	Merzbacher, E. (1970). Quantum Mechanics. New York: John Wiley and son.
[16]	Robinett, R. W. (1997). Average values of position for the anharmonic Oscilator: Classical values versus quantum results. Am. J. Physics , 65 (3), 190-194.
[17]	Shankar, R. (1994). Principle of Quantum mechanics. New York: Plenum Press.

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Boniface Otieno Ndinya, Alex Okello. (2014). Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. American Journal of Modern Physics, 3(6), 240-244. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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ACS Style

Boniface Otieno Ndinya; Alex Okello. Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2014, 3(6), 240-244. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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AMA Style

Boniface Otieno Ndinya, Alex Okello. Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. Am J Mod Phys. 2014;3(6):240-244. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16,
  author = {Boniface Otieno Ndinya and Alex Okello},
  title = {Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei},
  journal = {American Journal of Modern Physics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {240-244},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  abstract = {The thermodynamics property of finite heavy mass nuclei, with the number of protons greater than the number of neutron is investigated. The core of the nucleus contains the neutron-proton pair that interacts harmonically; the excess neutron(s) reside(s) on the surface of the nucleus and introduce the anharmonic effect. The total energy is evaluated using ladder operator method and the quantum mechanical statistical expression of energy. The total energy, heat capacity and entropy are found to depend on the occupation number of states and the number of excess neutrons. At temperature near absolute zero the specific heat and entropy are lowest because a decreases in temperature leads to a decrease in particle interaction and energy.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei
AU  - Boniface Otieno Ndinya
AU  - Alex Okello
Y1  - 2014/11/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
T2  - American Journal of Modern Physics
JF  - American Journal of Modern Physics
JO  - American Journal of Modern Physics
SP  - 240
EP  - 244
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-8891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
AB  - The thermodynamics property of finite heavy mass nuclei, with the number of protons greater than the number of neutron is investigated. The core of the nucleus contains the neutron-proton pair that interacts harmonically; the excess neutron(s) reside(s) on the surface of the nucleus and introduce the anharmonic effect. The total energy is evaluated using ladder operator method and the quantum mechanical statistical expression of energy. The total energy, heat capacity and entropy are found to depend on the occupation number of states and the number of excess neutrons. At temperature near absolute zero the specific heat and entropy are lowest because a decreases in temperature leads to a decrease in particle interaction and energy.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Boniface Otieno Ndinya

Department of Physics and Material sciences, Maseno University, P. O. Box 333, Maseno-40105, Kenya
Alex Okello

Department of Physics, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda

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APA Style

Boniface Otieno Ndinya, Alex Okello. (2014). Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. American Journal of Modern Physics, 3(6), 240-244. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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ACS Style

Boniface Otieno Ndinya; Alex Okello. Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2014, 3(6), 240-244. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

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AMA Style

Boniface Otieno Ndinya, Alex Okello. Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei. Am J Mod Phys. 2014;3(6):240-244. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16,
  author = {Boniface Otieno Ndinya and Alex Okello},
  title = {Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei},
  journal = {American Journal of Modern Physics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {240-244},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmp.20140306.16},
  abstract = {The thermodynamics property of finite heavy mass nuclei, with the number of protons greater than the number of neutron is investigated. The core of the nucleus contains the neutron-proton pair that interacts harmonically; the excess neutron(s) reside(s) on the surface of the nucleus and introduce the anharmonic effect. The total energy is evaluated using ladder operator method and the quantum mechanical statistical expression of energy. The total energy, heat capacity and entropy are found to depend on the occupation number of states and the number of excess neutrons. At temperature near absolute zero the specific heat and entropy are lowest because a decreases in temperature leads to a decrease in particle interaction and energy.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thermodynamics Properties of a System with Finite Heavy Mass Nuclei
AU  - Boniface Otieno Ndinya
AU  - Alex Okello
Y1  - 2014/11/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
T2  - American Journal of Modern Physics
JF  - American Journal of Modern Physics
JO  - American Journal of Modern Physics
SP  - 240
EP  - 244
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-8891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20140306.16
AB  - The thermodynamics property of finite heavy mass nuclei, with the number of protons greater than the number of neutron is investigated. The core of the nucleus contains the neutron-proton pair that interacts harmonically; the excess neutron(s) reside(s) on the surface of the nucleus and introduce the anharmonic effect. The total energy is evaluated using ladder operator method and the quantum mechanical statistical expression of energy. The total energy, heat capacity and entropy are found to depend on the occupation number of states and the number of excess neutrons. At temperature near absolute zero the specific heat and entropy are lowest because a decreases in temperature leads to a decrease in particle interaction and energy.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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