Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients

Sudeb Mukherjee; Debojyoti Bhattacharya; Kaushik Manna

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients

Sudeb Mukherjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharya, Kaushik Manna

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 19 May 2017 Accepted: 5 June 2017 Published: 24 October 2017

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Abstract

Monitoring of the cardiac status of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and comparing them with their respiratory indices thought to be predictive markers of the general health of these patients and be indicative, even prognostic, of any impending deterioration. This study was destined to evaluate various aspect of serum prognostic factors in COPD patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months. During this time biochemical markers of 43 (34 male and 9 female) patients suffering from COPD were collected and compared them with those of 40 healthy case control subjects. The Methodology and Exclusion Criteria were strictly adhered to, and based on the statistical analysis shown below the final results were arrived at, which have been discussed at length below. The relation between smoking and COPD found to be controversial, but smoking none the less has a detrimental effect on the respiratory indices and thus, cessation of smoking would definitely benefit these patients, although the extent of the benefit is a matter of debate and further study. As for the individual markers, serum CRP and plasma homocysteine are definitely important as prognostic markers, as well as the indicators of the present stage of the disease. Serum Lipoprotein (a) was not found to be very effective indicator in this study. Homocysteine as well as CRP but not lipoprotein (a), as cardiac indices is inversely related to the respiratory indices of a COPD patient. Measurement of these parameter might help in prognostic evaluation in those patients.

Published in	American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
Page(s)	95-104
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Homocyteine, C - Reactive Protein (CRP), Lipoprotein (a)

References

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[2]	Thurlbeck WM, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1991.
[3]	Hogg JC, Timens W: The pathology of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Rev Path Mech Dis 4: 435, 2009.
[4]	Taraseviceine-Stewart L, Voekel NF: Molecular pathogenesis of emphysema, J Clin Invest 118: 394, 2008.
[5]	Miravittles M, Jose Soler Cataluna J, Calle M, Soriano JB. Treatment of COPD by clinical phenotypes. Putting old evidence into clinical practice. Eur Respir J 2012 Oct 11.
[6]	Minas M, Verrou-Katsarou I, Mystriduo P, Apostolidou E, Hatzoglou C, Gourgoulianis KI. Two year mortality of patienst with COPD in primary health care: an observational study. Int J Gen Med 2012; 5: 815-22.
[7]	Seemungal TA et al, Plasma homocysteine is elevated in COPD patients and is related to COPD severity. Int J of Chron Obstuct Pulmon Dis 2007; 2(3): 313-21.
[8]	Folchini F, Nonato NL, Feofiloff E, D’Almeida V, Nascimento O, Jardim JR, Association of oxidative stress markers and C-reactive protein with multidimensional indexes in COPD. Chron Respir Dis 2011; 8(2): 101-8. Epub 2011 Mar 24.
[9]	Aksu F, Capan N, Aksu K, Ofluoğlu R, Canbakan S, Yavuz B, Akin KO. C-reactive protein levels are raised in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients independent of smoking behavior and biomass exposure. J Thorac Dis. 2013; 5: 414–421.
[10]	Z. C. Deng, P. Zhao, C. Cao, S. F. Sun, F. Zhao, C. Y. Lu, H. Y. Ma. C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Exp. Ther. Med., 7 (2014), pp. 443–446.
[11]	Beeh, K. M., Watz, H., Puente-Maestu, L., de Teresa, L., Jarreta, D., Caracta, C., Garcia Gil, E., and Magnussen, H. Aclidinium improves exercise endurance, dyspnea, lung hyperinflation, and physical activity in patients with COPD: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. BMC Pulm. Med. 2014; 14: 209.

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APA Style

Sudeb Mukherjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharya, Kaushik Manna. (2017). Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 5(5), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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ACS Style

Sudeb Mukherjee; Debojyoti Bhattacharya; Kaushik Manna. Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2017, 5(5), 95-104. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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AMA Style

Sudeb Mukherjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharya, Kaushik Manna. Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. Am J Intern Med. 2017;5(5):95-104. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17,
  author = {Sudeb Mukherjee and Debojyoti Bhattacharya and Kaushik Manna},
  title = {Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {95-104},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20170505.17},
  abstract = {Monitoring of the cardiac status of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and comparing them with their respiratory indices thought to be predictive markers of the general health of these patients and be indicative, even prognostic, of any impending deterioration. This study was destined to evaluate various aspect of serum prognostic factors in COPD patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months. During this time biochemical markers of 43 (34 male and 9 female) patients suffering from COPD were collected and compared them with those of 40 healthy case control subjects. The Methodology and Exclusion Criteria were strictly adhered to, and based on the statistical analysis shown below the final results were arrived at, which have been discussed at length below. The relation between smoking and COPD found to be controversial, but smoking none the less has a detrimental effect on the respiratory indices and thus, cessation of smoking would definitely benefit these patients, although the extent of the benefit is a matter of debate and further study. As for the individual markers, serum CRP and plasma homocysteine are definitely important as prognostic markers, as well as the indicators of the present stage of the disease. Serum Lipoprotein (a) was not found to be very effective indicator in this study. Homocysteine as well as CRP but not lipoprotein (a), as cardiac indices is inversely related to the respiratory indices of a COPD patient. Measurement of these parameter might help in prognostic evaluation in those patients.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients
AU  - Sudeb Mukherjee
AU  - Debojyoti Bhattacharya
AU  - Kaushik Manna
Y1  - 2017/10/24
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 95
EP  - 104
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
AB  - Monitoring of the cardiac status of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and comparing them with their respiratory indices thought to be predictive markers of the general health of these patients and be indicative, even prognostic, of any impending deterioration. This study was destined to evaluate various aspect of serum prognostic factors in COPD patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months. During this time biochemical markers of 43 (34 male and 9 female) patients suffering from COPD were collected and compared them with those of 40 healthy case control subjects. The Methodology and Exclusion Criteria were strictly adhered to, and based on the statistical analysis shown below the final results were arrived at, which have been discussed at length below. The relation between smoking and COPD found to be controversial, but smoking none the less has a detrimental effect on the respiratory indices and thus, cessation of smoking would definitely benefit these patients, although the extent of the benefit is a matter of debate and further study. As for the individual markers, serum CRP and plasma homocysteine are definitely important as prognostic markers, as well as the indicators of the present stage of the disease. Serum Lipoprotein (a) was not found to be very effective indicator in this study. Homocysteine as well as CRP but not lipoprotein (a), as cardiac indices is inversely related to the respiratory indices of a COPD patient. Measurement of these parameter might help in prognostic evaluation in those patients.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Sudeb Mukherjee

Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
Debojyoti Bhattacharya

Department of Biochemistry, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India
Kaushik Manna

Department of Cardiology, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India

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APA Style

Sudeb Mukherjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharya, Kaushik Manna. (2017). Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 5(5), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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ACS Style

Sudeb Mukherjee; Debojyoti Bhattacharya; Kaushik Manna. Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2017, 5(5), 95-104. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

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AMA Style

Sudeb Mukherjee, Debojyoti Bhattacharya, Kaushik Manna. Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients. Am J Intern Med. 2017;5(5):95-104. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17,
  author = {Sudeb Mukherjee and Debojyoti Bhattacharya and Kaushik Manna},
  title = {Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {95-104},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20170505.17},
  abstract = {Monitoring of the cardiac status of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and comparing them with their respiratory indices thought to be predictive markers of the general health of these patients and be indicative, even prognostic, of any impending deterioration. This study was destined to evaluate various aspect of serum prognostic factors in COPD patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months. During this time biochemical markers of 43 (34 male and 9 female) patients suffering from COPD were collected and compared them with those of 40 healthy case control subjects. The Methodology and Exclusion Criteria were strictly adhered to, and based on the statistical analysis shown below the final results were arrived at, which have been discussed at length below. The relation between smoking and COPD found to be controversial, but smoking none the less has a detrimental effect on the respiratory indices and thus, cessation of smoking would definitely benefit these patients, although the extent of the benefit is a matter of debate and further study. As for the individual markers, serum CRP and plasma homocysteine are definitely important as prognostic markers, as well as the indicators of the present stage of the disease. Serum Lipoprotein (a) was not found to be very effective indicator in this study. Homocysteine as well as CRP but not lipoprotein (a), as cardiac indices is inversely related to the respiratory indices of a COPD patient. Measurement of these parameter might help in prognostic evaluation in those patients.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biochemical Markers of Cardiac Risk and Their Relation to Spirometric Indices of Airway Obstruction Among COPD Patients
AU  - Sudeb Mukherjee
AU  - Debojyoti Bhattacharya
AU  - Kaushik Manna
Y1  - 2017/10/24
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 95
EP  - 104
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20170505.17
AB  - Monitoring of the cardiac status of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and comparing them with their respiratory indices thought to be predictive markers of the general health of these patients and be indicative, even prognostic, of any impending deterioration. This study was destined to evaluate various aspect of serum prognostic factors in COPD patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months. During this time biochemical markers of 43 (34 male and 9 female) patients suffering from COPD were collected and compared them with those of 40 healthy case control subjects. The Methodology and Exclusion Criteria were strictly adhered to, and based on the statistical analysis shown below the final results were arrived at, which have been discussed at length below. The relation between smoking and COPD found to be controversial, but smoking none the less has a detrimental effect on the respiratory indices and thus, cessation of smoking would definitely benefit these patients, although the extent of the benefit is a matter of debate and further study. As for the individual markers, serum CRP and plasma homocysteine are definitely important as prognostic markers, as well as the indicators of the present stage of the disease. Serum Lipoprotein (a) was not found to be very effective indicator in this study. Homocysteine as well as CRP but not lipoprotein (a), as cardiac indices is inversely related to the respiratory indices of a COPD patient. Measurement of these parameter might help in prognostic evaluation in those patients.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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