Bleeding from oesophageal varices is the most dreaded complication of chronic liver disease and is associated with high mortality. Endoscopic variceal ligation is one of the more recent effective treatment modalities. This study was aimed at evaluating our experience with endoscopic variceal ligation with a view to stressing the safety associated with the procedure. A prospective study of consecutive patients presenting to the Jos University Teaching Hospital and FOMAS hospital endoscopic units was conducted over a 6 year period. A total of 199 sessions of endoscopic sessions were carried out on 83 patients with different grades of varices. There were 68 males and 15 females (M:F = 4.5:1). The mean age of the study population was 48 +/- 7.4 years with age range of 17 to 63 years. The number of sessions of banding required for variceal obliteration in this study varied from 43 (51.8%) who had 3 sessions of banding, 30 (36.1%) who had 2 sessions and 10 (12.0%) that had a single session of variceal band ligation. All patients were placed on Propanolol tablets. There were no recorded episodes of procedure related bleeding, significant re-bleeding, post-procedure retrosternal pain, stricture or ulceration in this study, attesting to the safety of endoscopic variceal ligation.
Published in | Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 5, Issue 3) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14 |
Page(s) | 35-38 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Oesophageal Varices, Varices, Endoscopic Variceal Ligation, Variceal
[1] | El Sayed G, Tarff S, O'Beirne J, Wright G. Endoscopy management algorithms: role of cyanoacrylate glue injection and self-expanding metal stents in acute variceal haemorrhage. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2015 Jul; 6(3): 208-16. |
[2] | Archampong TN, Tachi K, Agyei AA, Nkrumah KN. The Significance of Variceal Haemorrhage in Ghana: A Retrospective Review. Ghana Med J. 2015 Sep; 49(3): 142-6. |
[3] | Schettini AV, Pinheiro RS, Pescatore P, Lerut J. Modified Sugiura Operation for Idiopathic Portal Hypertension with Bleeding Oesophageal Varices. A Case Report. ActaChir Belg. 2015 May-Jun; 115(3): 237-40. |
[4] | Ruiz-Blard E, Baiges A, Turon F, Hernandez-Gea V, Garcia-Pagan JC. [Early Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: When, how and in whom?]. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Nov 20. |
[5] | Rios Castellanos E, Seron P, Gisbert JP, Bonfill Cosp X. Endoscopic injection of cyanoacrylate glue versus other endoscopic procedures for acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015; 5: CD010180. |
[6] | Drazna E. [Pharmacotherapy of portal hypertension]. VnitrLek. 1995 Mar; 41(3): 185-8. |
[7] | Avgerinos A, Armonis A. Balloon tamponade technique and efficacy in variceal haemorrhage. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1994; 207: 11-6. |
[8] | Seet E, Beevee S, Cheng A, Lim E. The Sengstaken-Blakemore tube: uses and abuses. Singapore Med J. 2008 Aug; 49(8): e195-7. |
[9] | Sutedja DS, Kang JY. Endoscopic banding ligation treatment for bleeding oesophageal varices. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1996 Sep; 25(5): 708-11. |
[10] | Serpa TH. [Endoscopic ligation of oesophageal varices]. Rev Gastroenterol Peru. 1996 Sep-Dec; 16(3): 244-8. |
[11] | Tait IS, Krige JE, Terblanche J. Endoscopic band ligation of oesophageal varices. Br J Surg. 1999 Apr; 86(4): 437-46. |
[12] | Bhuiyan MM, Rahman MM, Kibria MG, Hasan M. Comparative study of endoscopic band ligation and sclerotherapy for treatment of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2007 Apr; 33(1): 31-9. |
[13] | Viazis N, Armonis A, Vlachogiannakos J, Rekoumis G, Stefanidis G, Papadimitriou N, et al. Effects of endoscopic variceal treatment on oesophageal function: a prospective, randomized study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002 Mar; 14(3): 263-9. |
[14] | Laine L, el-Newihi HM, Migikovsky B, Sloane R, Garcia F. Endoscopy ligation compared with Sclerotherapy for treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119(1): 1-7. |
[15] | Slosberg EA, Keefe EB. Sclerotherapy versus banding in the treatment of variceal bleeding. Clin Liver Dis. 1997; 1(1): 77-84. |
[16] | Dai C, Liu WX, Jiang M, Sun MJ. Endoscopic variceal ligation compared with endoscopic injection Sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal variceal hemorrhage: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2015; 21(8): 2534-41. |
[17] | Svoboda P, Kantorova I, Ochmann J, Kozumplik L, Marsova J. A prospective randomized controlled trial of Sclerotherapy vs ligation in the prophylactic treatment of high-risk esophageal varices. Surg Endosc. 1999; 13(6): 580-4. |
[18] | Masci E, Stigliano R, Mariani A, Bertoni G, Baroncini D, Cennamo V et al. Prospective multicentre randomized trial comparing banding ligation with Sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices .Hepatogastroenterology. 1999; 46(27): 1769-73. |
[19] | Sarin SK, Govil A, Jain AK, Guptan RC, Issar SK, Jain M, Murthy NS. Prospective randomized trial of endoscopic sclerotherapy versus variceal band ligation for esophageal varices: influence on gastropathy, gastric varices and variceal recurrence. J Hepatol. 1997; 26(4): 826-32. |
[20] | Udeze AO, Okonko IO, Donbraye E, Sule WF, Fadeyi A, Uche IN. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C virus Antibodies amongst blood donors in Ibadan, Southwestern, Nigeria. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2009; 7(8): 1023-1028. |
[21] | Halim NKD, Offor E, Ajayi OI. Epidemiological study of the seroprevalence of Hepatitis-B surface antigen(HBsAg) and HIV-1 in blood donors. Nig J ClinPract 1992; 2: 42-5. |
[22] | Baba MM, Gashau W, Hassan AW. Detection of Hepatitis-B surface antigenaemia in patients mirth and without the manifestation of AIDS in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Nig Postgrad Med J 1998; 5: 125-8. |
[23] | Schepke M, Kleber G, Nurnberg D, Willert J, Koch L, Veltzke-Schlieker W et al. Ligation versus propanolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2004; 40: 65-72. |
[24] | Lay CS, Tsai YT, Lee FY, Lai YL, Yu CJ, Chen CB, Peng CY. Endoscopic variceal ligation versus propanololin prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006; 21: 413-419. |
[25] | Perez-Ayuso RM, Valderrama S, Espinoza M, Rollan A, Sanchez R, Otarola F et al. Endoscopic band ligation versus propanolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high risk esophageal varices. Ann Hepatol. 2010; 9(1): 15-22. |
[26] | Abraldes JG, Tarantino I, Turnes J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Rodes J, Bosch J. Hemodynamic response to pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension and long term prognosis of cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2003: 37(4): 902-8. |
[27] | Merkel C, Bolognesi M, Sacerdoti D, Bombonato G, Bellini B, Bighin R, Gatta A. The hemodynamic response to medical treatment of portal hypertension as a predictor of clinical effectiveness in the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2000; 32(5): 930-4. |
[28] | Grozmann RJ, Bosch J, Grace ND, Conn HO, Garcia-Tsao G, Navasa M et al. Hemodynamic events in a prospective randomized trial of propanolol versus placebo in the prevention of a first variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1401-1407. |
[29] | Tammy Tursi. Use of Beta-blocker therapy to prevent primary bleeding of oesophageal varices. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2010; 22(12): 640-647. |
APA Style
Ale Alexander Femi, Achinge Godwin Ior, Peter Solomon Danjuma, Shitta Andrew Haruna, Misauno Michael Ayedima. (2016). Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation: A Safe Way to Treat Oesophageal Varices. Clinical Medicine Research, 5(3), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14
ACS Style
Ale Alexander Femi; Achinge Godwin Ior; Peter Solomon Danjuma; Shitta Andrew Haruna; Misauno Michael Ayedima. Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation: A Safe Way to Treat Oesophageal Varices. Clin. Med. Res. 2016, 5(3), 35-38. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14
AMA Style
Ale Alexander Femi, Achinge Godwin Ior, Peter Solomon Danjuma, Shitta Andrew Haruna, Misauno Michael Ayedima. Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation: A Safe Way to Treat Oesophageal Varices. Clin Med Res. 2016;5(3):35-38. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14
@article{10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14, author = {Ale Alexander Femi and Achinge Godwin Ior and Peter Solomon Danjuma and Shitta Andrew Haruna and Misauno Michael Ayedima}, title = {Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation: A Safe Way to Treat Oesophageal Varices}, journal = {Clinical Medicine Research}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {35-38}, doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20160503.14}, abstract = {Bleeding from oesophageal varices is the most dreaded complication of chronic liver disease and is associated with high mortality. Endoscopic variceal ligation is one of the more recent effective treatment modalities. This study was aimed at evaluating our experience with endoscopic variceal ligation with a view to stressing the safety associated with the procedure. A prospective study of consecutive patients presenting to the Jos University Teaching Hospital and FOMAS hospital endoscopic units was conducted over a 6 year period. A total of 199 sessions of endoscopic sessions were carried out on 83 patients with different grades of varices. There were 68 males and 15 females (M:F = 4.5:1). The mean age of the study population was 48 +/- 7.4 years with age range of 17 to 63 years. The number of sessions of banding required for variceal obliteration in this study varied from 43 (51.8%) who had 3 sessions of banding, 30 (36.1%) who had 2 sessions and 10 (12.0%) that had a single session of variceal band ligation. All patients were placed on Propanolol tablets. There were no recorded episodes of procedure related bleeding, significant re-bleeding, post-procedure retrosternal pain, stricture or ulceration in this study, attesting to the safety of endoscopic variceal ligation.}, year = {2016} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation: A Safe Way to Treat Oesophageal Varices AU - Ale Alexander Femi AU - Achinge Godwin Ior AU - Peter Solomon Danjuma AU - Shitta Andrew Haruna AU - Misauno Michael Ayedima Y1 - 2016/05/03 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14 DO - 10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14 T2 - Clinical Medicine Research JF - Clinical Medicine Research JO - Clinical Medicine Research SP - 35 EP - 38 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2326-9057 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20160503.14 AB - Bleeding from oesophageal varices is the most dreaded complication of chronic liver disease and is associated with high mortality. Endoscopic variceal ligation is one of the more recent effective treatment modalities. This study was aimed at evaluating our experience with endoscopic variceal ligation with a view to stressing the safety associated with the procedure. A prospective study of consecutive patients presenting to the Jos University Teaching Hospital and FOMAS hospital endoscopic units was conducted over a 6 year period. A total of 199 sessions of endoscopic sessions were carried out on 83 patients with different grades of varices. There were 68 males and 15 females (M:F = 4.5:1). The mean age of the study population was 48 +/- 7.4 years with age range of 17 to 63 years. The number of sessions of banding required for variceal obliteration in this study varied from 43 (51.8%) who had 3 sessions of banding, 30 (36.1%) who had 2 sessions and 10 (12.0%) that had a single session of variceal band ligation. All patients were placed on Propanolol tablets. There were no recorded episodes of procedure related bleeding, significant re-bleeding, post-procedure retrosternal pain, stricture or ulceration in this study, attesting to the safety of endoscopic variceal ligation. VL - 5 IS - 3 ER -